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WTO concludes fifth review of the trade policy and practices of Ghana

The World Trade Organisation concluded the fifth trade policy review of Ghana between the 21 and 23 June 2022. The WTO report shows as the country main imports originate from the European Union, followed by China (whose imports are continually increasing) as well as other Asian countries. Conversely, import from other African countries had progressively declined during the period 2014-2019 from 11.2 to 10.4 percent. Regarding exports, the main destination of Ghanaian products are Switzerland, South Africa, India, China, the United Arab Emirates and the European Union, mostly represented by metals and agricultural commodities in raw form or with little level of transformation (e.g., gold, manganese, crude petroleum, cocoa, etc.).

In this regard, the report points out that the manufacturing sector in the country contributes only 11.1% to GDP (data referred to 2020). This figure, despite in line with the African average, shows the low export-orientation of Ghanaian firms and the low level of value addition to most of products exported.

Ghana has adopted the ECOWAS Common External Tariff (CET), but a number of exceptions are applicable due to a large presence of tariff exemptions introduced by national regulations adopted for various purposes. The country also maintains many import prohibitions established at national level. All those measures perforate the CET creating differences in the treatment of goods with respect to the other ECOWAS countries.

 

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