According to the African Economic Outlook 2012, a report drafted by the African Development Bank (AfDB) in collaboration with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the UN Commission for Africa (UNECA), transport costs are 63% higher in African countries compared with developed countries. A great proportion of such cost is due to the infrastructure gap that characterises Africa, where asphalted roads are 5 times less than in developed countries, but is also caused by inefficient transit systems that are adopted in the Continent which raise the cost of movement of cargo and significantly contribute to delays at borders.

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In the latest years, many African corridor management authorities became increasingly sensitive to the environmental problems arising from the fast development of trade and freight transport, with some of them actively engaged in programmes aimed at turning their corridor infrastructure into environmentally friendly transport routes. Among them, the Northern Corridor Transit and Transport Coordination Authority (NCTTCA), in its last Strategic Plan (2017-2021), commits to address social and economic dimensions in the transport logistics chain including environmental and social health issues. To this purpose, the NCTTCA adopted in 2016 a Northern Corridor Green Freight Programme, a plan aimed at implementing a comprehensive Sustainable Freight Transport Strategy for 2030 and beyond.

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