It's a link that often runs through technical instruments that often remain little known. In the first issue of International Trade Review published by ARcom, our contribution (in Italian) on the Pan-Euro-Mediterranean (PEM) Convention and its rules of origin. The article explores how an apparently specialised instrument of customs law – diagonal cumulation of origin – can help rethink economic relations between Italy, Europe and Africa. Although operating within distinct frameworks, the PEM Convention and the AfCFTA offer complementary perspectives for fostering more integrated value chains across Europe, the Mediterranean and Africa.








